Lighting Design of Hotel Functional Area

    Lighting is an integral part of the hotel style. The coordination between the appearance of the lamps and the architectural space, and the unity of the decoration style are the first considerations. The shape, material, color and luster of the lamps are all derived from the style of the space, but also affect the style of the space. Unique lamps often become a sign of indoor space.

      The functions of hotels are generally divided into three parts, namely lobby space, restaurant space and guest room space. The lighting design required for different functions of each space should not be the same, and each has its own needs.

      1. Lobby space

      There are three main lighting areas in the lobby space. They are the lighting of the entrance and the lobby area, the lighting of the service desk and the lighting of the guest lounge area. From the perspective of the lobby as a continuous whole space, and from the perspective of lighting methods, in fact, the entrance and the front hall should be the general lighting or global lighting of the lobby, and the lighting of the service desk and the guest lounge area should be local lighting. These lightings should maintain the consistency of color temperature. The lighting of the three areas uses brightness contrast to make the non-intimacy-scale space of the hotel lobby form an interesting, continuous and undulating light-dark transition, creating a cordial atmosphere as a whole.

      (1) Entry and front hall

      Illumination requirements: On a horizontal surface 1m from the ground, the design illuminance should reach 500Lux. Color temperature requirement: about 3000K.

      If the color temperature is too low, the space feels narrow; if the color temperature is too high, the space lacks intimacy and noisy, which directly reduces the comfort of the guests.

      Color rendering requirements: Ra>85. The high color rendering can clearly show the skin color and various expressions of the receptionist and guests, leaving a deep and satisfying impression on the guests.

      Regarding light distribution: If the ceiling height exceeds 6m, a point light source with a narrow beam illuminator is used on the ceiling to provide continuous and uniform brightness. Since the luminous point is not within the human's field of vision, the lamp can be open. Assuming that the distance from the ceiling to the ground is 6m, the light intensity at the center of its light distribution curve should not be less than 500cd at 1m from the ground; if the ceiling height does not exceed 6m, a strip or surface luminous ceiling can be considered.

      Contrast shaping with light and shadow: Drawing on the experience of European and American hotel lighting design, you can consider designing different angles of floodlights in the entrance and lobby area. If the direction of the guest entering the hotel’s door is the vertical axis, then the horizontal axis can be used. Side lights are designed on both ends of the roof, which are angled toward the entrance area on the ceiling, which helps the hotel receptionist, porter and guest to express their shapes and form a three-dimensional impression. Such hotel lighting should be very advanced.

      (2) Service desk

      Illumination requirements: Generally, the higher brightness of 750-1000 Lux is used to highlight the importance of the general service desk and quickly lead the eyes of the guests to this place. In addition, it is also convenient for the receptionist to quickly process the registration and settlement work.

      Color temperature requirements: around 3000K, consistent with the entrance hall, further strengthening the cordial atmosphere.

      Color rendering requirements: Ra>85.

      On the one hand, because the guests and the receptionist have close contact at the service desk, a healthy skin color is required; on the other hand, it is necessary to clearly identify the various documents required

      (3) Guest rest area

      Illumination requirements: generally 300-500 Lux. If the illumination is too high, people's behavior will be unstable; if the illumination is too low, people's behavior will be too lazy.

      Color temperature requirement: about 3000K.

      Color rendering requirements: Ra>85.

      2. Dining room space

      The restaurant space is an important lighting area of the hotel. Generally, hotels usually have Chinese-style restaurants and Western-style restaurants. These two types of restaurants have to be treated separately in terms of lighting design due to differences in functions and uses.

      (1) Chinese restaurant: It is often used for business or other formal banquets. Therefore, the overall atmosphere of the lighting should be formal and friendly. The illuminance of its general lighting is much higher than that of Western restaurants. The illuminance should be It is uniform, and there are few mood swings caused by brightness contrast. Point light sources, strip light sources or various types of lanterns can meet the requirements of good lighting. In order to make the quality and color of the dishes appear vivid and beautiful, in order to arouse appetite. The lighting of the table top is the key point. Use a light source with high color rendering to set accent lighting above the table. If accent lighting cannot be provided above each table, the illuminance value of the general lighting of the restaurant should be designed to be higher.

In addition, a high degree of attention should be paid to the light distribution, so that the lighting has a three-dimensional effect. In the practice of restaurant lighting design, we use wall lamps or a number of floodlights to correct the flatness of general lighting and strengthen the reproduction of human shapes, especially facial expressions and contours.

      Illumination requirements: The illuminance of general lighting is 200Lux, and the key lighting is 300Lux. As a supplementary side light, the light beam of the light source can be used to reach the illuminating object, and the central light intensity is about 150cd. Color temperature requirements: around 3000K, and uniform and coordinated light colors are required. Color rendering requirements: Ra>90.

      (2) Western-style restaurants: Western-style restaurants are often used for informal business gatherings, or dining places where the relationship between the diners is familiar and close, so the overall atmosphere of its lighting should be warm and emotional, and its general lighting illuminance Values are much lower than Chinese restaurants. In addition, because dining is informal, it does not require lighting on people’s faces and expressions, but the accent lighting on the table top still has to make the dishes vivid and beautiful, and make it easy for diners to access, so its color rendering Is very important.

      Illumination requirements: The illuminance of general lighting is 50-100Lux, and the key lighting is 100-150Lux. If there is a side light, the light beam of the light source can be used to reach the illuminating object, and the central light intensity is about 50cd. Color temperature requirements: around 3000K, and uniform and coordinated light colors are required. Color rendering requirements: Ra>90.

      3. Guest room space

      Hotel rooms should be like home, with tranquility, comfort and intimacy as the typical tone.

      (1) Illumination requirements: The general lighting is 50-100 Lux, and the illuminance of the guest room is lower to reflect the characteristics of quietness, rest and even laziness. However, local lighting, such as the lighting in front of the vanity mirror, the bedside reading lighting, etc., should provide enough illuminance, and these areas can take the illuminance value of 300 Lux. What is neglected is the writing lighting of the desk. At present, few hotels provide writing desk lamps (usually replaced by decorative desk lamps) for guests. This is a very humane lighting consideration.

      (2) Color temperature requirement: about 3000K.

      Use a light source below 3500K in the bedroom, and use a light source above 3500K in the bathroom. Warm colors are needed in the bedroom, and high color temperature is needed in the bathroom to show cleanliness and refreshment.

      (3) Color rendering requirements: Ra>90. Better color rendering, can increase the self-confidence of the guests, feel comfortable and good.

      Four, concluding remarks

      When people choose hotels, they are usually based on factors such as image, comfort, equipment, location, star rating, and price. Each hotel’s image has its own unique characteristics and focuses on delivering it to target customers. The lighting design strengthens the characteristics and image of the hotel. Therefore, it is very important for hotels to choose a reasonable lighting scheme.